오래 전에 영어로 Way Back When, 보아하니 Apparently
Power Warm-up: Becoming a Morning Person: Our Sleep Rhythms
Randy tells Kristina about some things the learned when researching sleep rhythms. He found that it may go back thousands of years to when we were hunters and gatherers.
Kristen: And boy, we are morning people.
Cameron: We are, we are kicking and…
Kristen: I tell ya…
Cameron: What’s that phrase? Bright-eyed and bushy-tailed?
Kristen: Yeah, bright idea, bushy-tailed
Cameron: That means like you’re very energetic in the morning.
Kristen: Yes. That’s right. So–
Cameron: Like a rabbit? is that bushy tail and.
Kristen: Isn’t it? I thought it was like a deer. No.
Cameron: Ah, man.
Kristen: I don’t know. What animal is it? Or like a…
Cameron: Like a duck. Like a little baby duckling.
Kristen: So we are here, everyone. I’m Kristen Cho, by the way.
Cameron: I’m Cameron Word.
Power Expressions
Kristen: Okay, we’re so glad you joined us. And I think for the most part, when you have to work, you have to become a morning person. But our topic today is becoming a morning person. And we’re going to talk about our sleep rhythms. So here are some expressions that we’re going to cover today. Rooted in something. So it’s R-O-O-T, like 뿌리 but as a verb. Rooted in something.
Cameron: It’s saying this is where it originates from. This is where it begins.
Kristen: Mm-hmm.
Cameron: This is the basis.
Kristen: Okay. Play a part.
Cameron: Play a part means it, there’s a role, it helps in achieving something.
Kristen: Okay, and way back when,
Cameron: A long, long time ago.
Kristen: Oh, yes.
Cameron: Oh.
Kristen: Now I know. Okay, that chorus part I recognize. Thank you for that. Okay. So let’s go ahead and listen to our dialogue for today.
Power Dialog
Randy: I was doing a little research about why some people are early birds and some people are night owls.
Kristena: What did you discover?
Randy: Apparently, our sleep rhythms are rooted in our evolutionary biology.
Kristena: How does that play a part in whether or not we like to get up early?
Randy: Way back when, we used to be hunters and gatherers. Some people stayed up late to guard the village, and some people got up early to hunt.
Kristena: Don’t let that be your excuse to not get up early.
Kristene: Okay, so remember we just talked about bright-eyed and bushy tail? Uh-huh. So I did a quick search and originally it was referring to a squirrel. because deers don’t have bushy tails, but squirrels do. Do they have a bushy tail.
Cameron: They have like a, it’s small. A little. But they use it to warn other deer.
Kristena Oh, really?
Cameron: Like, they lift it up and it’s white.
Kristen: Oh.
Cameron: White tail deer.
Kristen: It’s like a little flag.
Cameron: Yeah, it’s like a little signal. Wow. But yeah, squirrel makes more sense. Yes.
Kristen: Okay, so Randy says, I was doing a little research about why some people are early birds and some people are night owls.
Cameron: Mmm.
Kristen: So remember, we’ve talked about early birds and night owls. You are definitely an early bird. Yeah. And I was now I’m forced to be a night owl. Okay. And Kristina says, what did you discover? And what does Randy say?
Cameron: Apparently, our sleep rhythms are rooted in our evolutionary biology.
Kristen: Apparently is our power pattern today and I have to say the native speakers really love this word.
Cameron: Apparently.
Kristen: Apparently.
Kristen: So what does this mean exactly, apparently? And why do they use it?
Cameron: So apparently it is one of those words. It’s hard to define. It’s more of a feeling. Yeah. But it’s kind of like obviously or it turns out or this is the way it is. Apparently, the feeling with it is Randy didn’t know the answer. So then he read about the answer. And it’s kind of like, well, as it turns out,
Kristen: Uh-huh.
Cameron: This is the way it is. This is the truth.
Kristen: Yeah. So apparently it’s kind of like, I think I know the truth. I think I know the fact. I’m not 100%, but I’m pretty sure this is how it is. Or this is what I heard. Our sleep rhythms are rooted in evolutionary biology. Ooh, it’s a little difficult. So our sleep rhythm. Is rooted in.
Cameron: Yes. So rooted in means originated from or begins at, begins in. If you think of like a plant, you have the seed, yes. But after you have the seed, the root comes out. The root is at the bottom of the plant. And then the plant comes from the roots. There are some plants where you only need the root and you can make a new plant. Like think of like a tulip. Right. It has the bulb, which is just the root at the bottom. You dig that out and you put it somewhere else. The new plant can come out of it. So it’s saying this is where it comes from. It’s rooted in this case, evolutionary biology.
Kristen: Yeah, our DNA. Yeah. It just is like, this is how we are as humans.
Cameron: Yeah, biologic information
Kristen: And Kristina says, how does that play a part in whether or not we like to get up early? So Kristina wants to know more. So, OK, that’s a good statement. But how does that play a part in whether we get up early or not?
Cameron: Yes.
Kristen: So how is that a reason?
Cameron: Yes. Right. So, to play a part or play a role means how is it contributing to something? How is it helping to something? So our DNA isn’t the only reason, but it is one reason and it’s a significant reason. Right? So how is our DNA playing a part? How is that a reason for why we like to get up early?
Kristen: Yes, right. Okay, and so Randy says what?
Cameron: Way back when, we used to be hunters and gatherers. Some people stayed up late to guard the village, and some people got up early to hunt.
Kristen: Okay, this expression, way back when, is a good one.
Cameron: Yes.
Kristen: Okay. How far back are we talking about?
Cameron: Oh, goodness.
Kristen: Cause we could say back then,
Cameron: Yeah. Uh-huh. Way back when, I do feel it’s at the smallest amount, 30 years.
Kristen: Okay. Right. Uh-huh.
Cameron: But as you can see, way back when can mean as far as hundreds of thousands of years. So you would not use way back when for last tuesday. Right. Right. It’s a considerable distance away in the past.
Kristen: Okay, right. So way is for emphasis. It’s stressing how far back it is. And they’re talking about hunters and gatherers. So, we hear a lot of people talk about hunters and gatherers in kind of the wellness space when they talk about health and how we’re supposed to eat. What is exactly hunters and gatherers?
Cameron: So hunters and gatherers, you often see these put together. But hunter, of course, is someone who tries to find animals and kill them and eat them. And then gatherers are the people that try to find fruits and vegetables and plants and gathers them, collects them to be eaten later.
Kristen: Yeah. That’s right. Okay. So those are the hunters and gatherers. Like now we’re farmers. It’s more agricultural. Hunters and gatherers, not. Mm. So Kristina says, don’t let that be your excuse to not get up early. So, some people stayed up late to guard the village and some people got up early. So that is the evolutionary biology. But these days now, though, with agriculture being the main thing, people are getting up earlier. Okay. Let’s go ahead and listen to that dialogue one more time.
Power Dialog
Randy: I was doing a little research about why some people are early birds and some people are night owls.
Kristena: What did you discover?
Randy: Apparently, our sleep rhythms are rooted in our evolutionary biology.
Kristena: How does that play a part in whether or not we like to get up early?
Randy: Way back when, we used to be hunters and gatherers. Some people stayed up late to guard the village, and some people got up early to hunt.
Kristena: Don’t let that be your excuse to not get up early.
Power Note
1. Rooted in something: -에 근거를 둔, 뿌리를 둔, 이유를 둔
Kristen: It’s time for Power Note. Let’s do a quick review. We’re on pages 130 and 31. Rooted in something. So it was formed or developed because of something. So this is the reason why something happened.
Cameron: Mm-hmm.
1)
A: Why don’t you believe what I’m telling you?
B: Because your beliefs are rooted in false information.
Kristen: No it’s not! What do you say?
Cameron: So it’s one of those things, you know, when there are like experts.
Kristen: Uh-huh.
Cameron: But then you find out that they believe something really weird. And you can’t trust them. Because their knowledge is rooted in a weird belief. Like if a scientist believes that the world is flat, like the earth is flat, you’re not going to believe anything he says. Because like their knowledge is rooted in something weird.
Kristen: And I think this is kind of the unfortunate reality of social media and the power of social media where there’s like a lot of news and a lot of information, misinformation. So, you have to be careful where certain theories or, you know, statements where it’s rooted in.
Cameron: Yes.
2) The culture of the island is rooted in a respect for the sea.
Cameron: Ah, yes. So most cultures, I mean, all cultures are rooted in something. Sure. There’s usually like some kind of value that it will be rooted in. Like some cultures are very rooted in like family values or, you know, individualism. Things like that.
Kristen: Sometimes I go down this rabbit hole, meaning sometimes I come across like Native American culture and their music and their kind of dances and it’s quite fascinating. And of course, you know, a lot of Native Americans or Native Indians are, their culture is rooted in, you know, a lot of spiritism, nature, you know, being of one of the earth.
Cameron: Yeah.
Kristen: So I find that that’s quite unique in the sense.
Cameron: Yeah.
Kristen: It’s a whole different kind of culture.
Cameron: Definitely.
Kristen: Alright, let’s give one more example of what can be rooted in something.
Cameron: So sometimes it’s not as deep as like a culture, but one’s actions can be rooted in jealousy. Oh, yes. Right?
Kristen: Yes, that’s a good example.
Cameron: The reason you’re doing that is because you’re jealous.
Kristen: Right? Yeah. So sometimes the way people behave may not necessarily be just that their personality is that way, but it could be rooted in jealousy, like you said, or trauma or rooted in, you know, other, there are other reasons for that kind of behavior. Right.
Cameron: Right, so the actions they’re doing, it’s because of some other situation or some other emotion that they have.
Kristen: Okay, great.
2. play a part: 역할을 하다
To play a part means that it plays a certain role. There’s a specific role in that. Yes. Okay.
1)
A: What is happening in the big fraud trial?
B: Today, the prosecutor presented evidence that Mr. Johns played a part in this crime.
So here…Mr John didn’t do it by himself. He was one role, he helped committing the crime.
Kristen: That’s another way of saying helped or was part of.
2) Zach plays a big part in the development of all the company’s products.
Cameron: So he helps in the development. He does something. This is like Ocean’s Eleven. Yeah. Everyone played their part.
Kristen: They sure did.
Cameron: Everyone had a role in that, what we call a heist, getting the money out of that casino. No one person did the whole thing.
Kristen: That’s right.
Cameron: Everyone played a part.
Kristen: It’s kind of like, you know how we talk about theater or movie actors? They all have their parts, as we say. Their characters that they’re playing. And so they all have a part in the movie. Or they all have a part, literally, in the movie. in the theater piece. So in that case, it’s similar. It’s like it’s not theater or a movie, but there’s a situation and you are a part of that particular situation. You have a role. How are we playing a part in English education in Korea, Cameron?
Cameron: Right, so obviously we are not the only English teachers. I hear there are other English teachers out there in Korea.
Kristen: I heard that too. We’re not the only ones.
Cameron: You’re right. We’re not the only ones
Kristen: Seriously?
Cameron: But we are contributing and we have a maybe I guess a special.
Kristen: Uh-huh.
Cameron: Contribution, a special part we’re playing, we’re not in a hagwon, we’re not you know we are on the radio, we have like an education but also entertainment part, so that is the part we’re playing a very specific way that we are helping to educate uh people about English.
Kristen: That’s right. And surprisingly, I hear there are a lot of quiet listeners in every part of this society that is listening to the show.
Cameron: Maybe like famous people?
Kristen: Famous people, powerful people, rich people, oh, all of them.
Cameron: Please send your messages.
Kristen: They don’t want to be shown.
Kristen: Ha ha ha! 문자 받겠다!
Cameron: Ha ha ha! 단문은 50원, 장문은 100원입니다!
Kristen: Okay. So we are playing a part. Yes. Yes, Cameron? okay.
3. way back when: 오래 전에
Way back when, it’s pretty much a long, long time ago. Yeah.
Cameron: Okay.
Kristen:
1)
A: Did you watch a lot of TV when you were a kid?
B: Way back when there were only four channels so we couldn’t watch much.
Kristen: That’s me. There were four channels. One, two, three, four, maybe five channels.
Cameron: ‘Cause you’re in California. Yeah, I mean–
Kristen: Oh, actually five or six, yeah. And then came cable later.
Cameron: Yeah, I always had cable, but I was before you could record even.
Kristen: Yeah.
Cameron: Like you had to watch the show.
Kristen: Oh yeah.
Cameron: When it came on,
Kristen: For sure.
Cameron: Kids these days don’t know. They watch the show when they want to watch it.
Kristen: Anytime.
Cameron: I used to have to wait every Thursday.
Kristen: Of course, at a certain time.
Cameron: 5 p.m. you know there was a and then if mom wanted to eat dinner at that time, sorry no show.
Kristen: You missed, oh….
2) Way back when, I used to be thin and had a full head of hair
Kristen: Way back when. So, in this case, it’s not much like a hundred years ago, but to you, it feels like a long long time ago.
Cameron: I would say, for me, if I were to say way back when, I think I can only now start to say this. Because, so I’m 34. Yeah. Talking about when I was 24 wouldn’t work. No. Maybe when I’m like six or seven. Yeah.
Kristen: Yeah.
Cameron: So it’s like 27 years ago. Yeah. That’s when this starts to feel more natural.
Kristen: That’s right. So Kristen can say way back when. Yeah. Okay.
4. Apprently: 보아하니, 분명히
Apparently is our power pattern means I heard. Yeah. Or it seems to be. Yes. Okay.
1) Apparently they discovered a new species of humans.
Cameron:
That’s what I heard. Yep.
2) Apparently, dogs and cats don’t always hate each other.
Kristen: They’re like best friends sometimes. I.
Cameron: I read this article.
Kristen: Our power vocab hunters and gatherers. Do check out the definition on page 132. And let’s quickly thank our sponsor.
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