📝 Wiggle Room: 영어에서 여유와 융통성을 표현하는 법 (0602 Power English)
🍽️ Episode Summary: The Caterers: A Seafood Buffet
Marco와 Julia는 케이터링(출장 뷔페) 회사를 운영하고 있어요. 최근 고객이 결혼 피로연에서 해산물 뷔페를 원했지만, Julia는 모든 손님이 해산물을 좋아하지 않는다고 지적합니다.
일부 손님은 알레르기가 있거나 해산물을 피하기 때문에, 두 사람은 메뉴에 **유연성을 두어야 한다(wiggle room)**고 판단하죠. 대화를 통해 알레르기(allergy)와 알레르겐(allergen), 그리고 메뉴 조정의 중요성을 함께 살펴봅니다.
🧠 Today’s Power Expressions
1. wiggle room
👉 (시간·예산·계획 등에서) 여유, 융통성
예:
-
We have a little wiggle room if needed.
→ 필요하면 약간의 여유가 있어요. -
Jake left some wiggle room in his budget for unexpected expenses.
→ 제이크는 예상치 못한 지출을 대비해 예산에 여유를 뒀어요.
2. first things first
👉 무엇보다 먼저, 가장 중요한 것부터
예:
-
First things first, let’s set up the tents before it gets dark.
→ 어두워지기 전에 텐트부터 치자. -
First things first, Emma had to finish her homework before going to the party.
→ 엠마는 파티에 가기 전에 숙제를 끝내야 했다.
3. come into contact with ~
👉 ~와 접촉하다, 닿다
예:
-
She came into contact with poison ivy during her hike.
→ 하이킹 중 옻나무에 닿았다. -
The scientist was excited to come into contact with an ancient artifact.
→ 그 과학자는 고대 유물과 접촉하게 되어 들떴다.
4. once we know ~
👉 ~을 알게 되면
예:
-
Once we know what she ate, we’ll know why she’s sick.
→ 무엇을 먹었는지 알게 되면, 왜 아픈지 알 수 있다. -
Once we know when our holiday is, we can book our flights.
→ 휴가 날짜가 정해지면 항공편을 예약할 수 있다.
📘 Power Vocab: Allergen
-
정의: 알레르기를 유발하는 물질
-
예:
Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, certain foods, and insect stings.
→ 흔한 알레르겐에는 꽃가루, 반려동물 비듬, 특정 음식, 곤충에 쏘이는 것이 포함된다.
📎 참고:
Allergy는 증상이고, Allergen은 그 증상을 유발하는 원인입니다.
예) Pollen is an allergen → Pollen causes an allergy.
Kristen:
Welcome everyone to a brand new month of Power English. It is June. It is. That’s right.
Cameron:
We’re really getting into summer mode tonight.
Kristen:
We sure are. After this month, we’re halfway through the year. Yeah. And remember over the weekend we talked about comedy? Yes. It’s so fitting that I didn’t realize that I had that article. And my preface, my letter that I write at the beginning is about comedy and my love for comedy.
Cameron:
Yeah, he must have been in a good mood.
Kristen:
Well, no. I think that these days we need comedy. Yeah. Because it’s just the world is depressing. You know? We need a laugh. This is why I love coming to the studio and seeing you and sharing conversation. Ah, yeah. And having a laugh.
Cameron:
Having a nice bright time when sometimes our lives are not nice and bright. It’s definitely very important.
Kristen:
Alright, so of course everyone welcome. If you are new to the program, on Monday, every Monday is a food dialog. So we talk about all things food. And this month, the title is the caterers. 케이터, catering. Yes. So the person owns a catering business. Yes. The client wants a wedding reception and they are catering the food and they want a seafood buffet.
Cameron:
Oh, that sounds like a bad idea.
Kristen:
In summer.
Cameron:
In June, all of those clams just out there in the summer heat does not sound like a smart idea.
Kristen:
I don’t know, but maybe, you know, they really love seafood, maybe.
Cameron:
Well, I’m from a place that we don’t get a lot of seafood. Right. So if we do, it is not in a buffet format at all. Right. Oh my goodness. Well, we shall see how this goes.
Kristen:
All right. Okay, here are some expressions that we’re going to cover today. If there is wiggle room, W-I-G-G-L-E, what kind of room are we talking about?
Cameron:
You have a little bit of extra room.
Kristen:
Okay.
Cameron:
Yeah, you’re not doing an exact amount or making an exact amount of space. You’re giving some extra room just in case you’re a little wrong.
Kristen:
Okay, and we’ll give you more examples and you know, we’ll see how it is used in our dialog. If you say first things first. Yes. So does that mean it’s just first?
Cameron:
Honestly, yes. You’re just emphasizing first. We often use this when we’re starting a conversation that there are going to be several things we ask, several things we order or command.
Kristen:
Right.
Cameron:
And we’re saying, okay, this is the first of maybe many other things.
Kristen:
Okay, so first things first. So to start off, it’s similar to that. Yes. Okay, you’re going to talk about many things after. Okay, come into contact…
Cameron:
So come into contact in this case is going to be talking about touching something. Either you are touching something or two things are touching each other.
Kristen:
– Okay, very good. Let’s see how these expressions are used in our food dialog.
Kristen:
Okay, so please join us on page eight. And by the way, everyone, we do have a book that comes with this program. So on page eight, you can find the power dialogue, the caterers, a seafood buffet. Let’s begin. Marco says, has the menu for the Johnson wedding party been finalized yet? I feel like this is a great word. to be finalized. We hear it a lot in the business in the office.
Cameron:
Yes, and I actually heard from someone from the UK. Yeah Originally, maybe not anymore. It feels very American. Ah really? Because English already had the phrase to make final
Kristen:
To make final. Right.
Cameron:
Uh-huh. Talking about making a final decision. Right. But taking the word final, adding ‘ize,’ to it.
Kristen:
Like making a verb.
Cameron:
Yeah, making a verb from a noun was a very American thing they started.
영국 영어에서는 원래 ‘finalize’ 대신 make a final decision 같은 표현을 더 썼음
‘final’ + ‘-ize’ → 미국식 동사화의 대표적인 예시
같은 식으로 real → realize, modern → modernize 등도 동사화함
Kristen:
So it means that, OK, is everything all set? Is it complete? And Julia says the Johnsons want a seafood buffet, but we have a lot of wiggle room because up to a quarter of the guests. won’t eat seafood. Okay. Two things. They have a lot of wiggle room. And the reason is that, you know, a fourth, maybe like 25% of the guests, they don’t like seafood.
Cameron:
Yeah. Okay.
Kristen:
So what is it when you say, I have a lot of wiggle room? Are they talking about an actual room?
Cameron:
So not room as in a space that you go through a door and get into.
Kristen:
Yeah.
Cameron:
The original meaning does come from extra space, though.
Kristen:
Okay, so it’s referring more to space. Yes. Okay.
Cameron:
So think about whenever you have younger children whose bodies are growing and you go to buy shoes. You cannot buy the exact shoe size.
Kristen:
Oh, they will grow. They can only wear for three months.
Cameron:
So you buy it a little bit bigger and you ask them to wiggle their toes (발가락을 꼼지락거리다). Ah yes!
Kristen:
Yeah.
Cameron:
Can they move their toes really freely? Uh-huh. Because you want the extra wiggle room so that even if their feet get a little bit bigger, they can still wear the shoes. Uh-huh. Right?
Kristen:
That’s right.
Cameron:
In the same way, with this buffet on the menu, if they only have seafood, exactly what the Johnsons want, 25% of the guests.
Kristen:
Don’t eat seafood.
Cameron:
Will not be able to eat. So they need extra options in this menu for people that maybe don’t want a lot of seafood.
Kristen:
Basically, what she’s saying is that we can kind of, we have some flexibility with the menu. Yes. That’s what she’s saying. Not only that.
Cameron:
Not a lot, but a little bit.
Kristen:
Okay, so we can have seafood, but we can have other things too. Got it. Okay, so what does Marco say?
Cameron:
So first things first, we have to consider seafood allergies. A look at the most common allergens among seafood.
Kristen:
Okay, so setting up a seafood buffet is going to take a lot of work, a lot of steps. That’s why I feel Marco is saying, so first things first. Okay, let’s think about this first. This is very important.
Cameron:
Right. There are several things that they’re now going to be thinking about. So Marco was saying, okay, this is the first thing probably because it’s the most important or biggest issue. Yeah. So he’s just highlighting it with this phrase, first things first.
Kristen:
First things first, okay? And so there are allergies, right? And I’ll look at the most common allergens among seafood. So allergies sound very close to allergens. Is it the same thing?
Cameron:
So an allergy is the symptom you have. Like your eyes getting watery, your nose stuffing, maybe you get a rash on your skin. An allergen is the thing that causes the reaction. So pollen in spring is an allergen. Yes. That’s right.
” So an allergy is the symptom you have.
→ 알레르기(allergy)는 여러분이 겪는 증상이에요.
Like your eyes getting watery, your nose stuffing, maybe you get a rash on your skin.
→ 예를 들어 눈물이 나거나, 코가 막히거나, 피부에 발진이 생기는 거죠.
An allergen is the thing that causes the reaction.
→ 알레르겐(allergen)은 이런 반응을 일으키는 물질이에요.
So pollen in spring is an allergen.
→ 예를 들어, 봄철의 꽃가루는 알레르겐이에요.”
Kristen:
That causes an allergy.
Cameron:
That causes an allergy, that causes an allergic reaction.
Kristen:
So when Marco says, I’ll look for the most common allergens, is saying, Let me look at what people have the most allergies to.
Cameron:
Yeah, usually it’s like shellfish. Yeah. Shrimp. Oysters. Oysters.
Kristen:
It is true. Shellfish is high on the list of allergens. Okay so then Julia says right some people can’t even come into contact with certain things. Okay to come into contact with is a long expression which means they can’t touch. Basically. Yes. It’s a real, if you want to say it simply.
Cameron:
Yes, so come into contact. We can also talk about being in communication with someone
Kristen:
Like an alien.
Cameron:
Yeah, right. Like the movie Contact with Jodie Foster.
Kristen:
– Right, to come in contact with aliens.
Cameron:
Here, though, we’re talking about literal touch. Your finger touching a shrimp or a knife touching a shrimp and then you touching that knife. Yeah. That would be coming into contact with the shrimp. And if you have a very bad allergy, that could be very bad for your health.
Kristen:
Well, that’s right. People like even with peanut allergies, too, like serious peanut allergies, if they come into contact, they could die.
Cameron:
Or like even the dust, like peanut dust. They just accidentally smell a little bit of it.
Kristen:
It could be fatal. Yeah. Yeah. Okay. So to come into contact with, think of aliens, okay? Marco says, once we know that won’t be on the seafood buffet, we can decide what to order. So our power pattern is once we know. It’s a great pattern. Yeah. Yeah. How does it set up what you’re going to say?
Cameron:
Yeah, so they have to make a decision, but before they can make the decision, they have to know some type of information. Here, what they need to know is what they can’t order. Once we know the bad things from the remaining good things, then we can decide our final. We can finalize the menu.
Kristen:
Yeah. So basically this is saying once we have that information, then we can go forward. So we can say like once we know who’s coming, then we can order the food. All right. Let’s go ahead and listen to this one more time.
Power Note
1. Wiggle room: 시간, 예산, 계획 등에서의 약간의 여유나 융통성
Kristen:
It’s time for Power Note. We’re on pages 10 and 11. So wiggle room is a very fun word. Okay. And by the way, wiggle is spelled W-I-G-G-L-E. Wiggle, wiggle, actually, when you wiggle, what are you doing?
Cameron:
You’re kind of shaking your body, right? Yeah.
Kristen:
Yeah, that’s right. Yeah, wiggling. Okay, so it means extra space, extra time, some flexibility. Yes.
1)
A: The deadline is tight, but we have a little wiggle room if needed.
B: Good, because I think we need at least three more days to finish.
A: 마감 기한이 촉박하긴 한데, 필요하면 약간의 여유는 있어.
B: 잘 됐네, 왜냐면 우리 최소한 3일은 더 필요할 것 같거든.
Kristen:
So when you’re talking about deadlines, like tomorrow is a deadline, but if someone says, oh, we have a little wiggle room, it means there’s a little flexibility. There you go.
Cameron:
You can move that date back a little bit.
Kristen:
That’s it, okay.
2) Jake left some wiggle room in his budget for unexpected expenses.
제이크는 예상치 못한 지출을 대비해서 예산에 약간의 여유를 두었어요.
Cameron:
Yeah, so it can be money.
Kristen:
So what does that mean?
Cameron:
This means a little bit of extra money.
Kristen:
Spare money.
Cameron:
Uh-huh. Maybe eggs are really expensive this week. Yeah. Okay, we can spend more on the eggs. Okay. Yeah, not a ton of extra money, but a little bit. So we’ve talked about schedules having wiggle room. You can have your budget money.
Kristen:
Yeah.
Cameron:
Clothing can have wiggle room, like the shoes we talked about.
Kristen:
Right. Or, I mean, really, like, I think as you get older, you don’t like things that are really tight. You want a little wiggle room for a lot of women. Right, yeah. Right, right.
Cameron:
– For sure, or I have this happen sometimes. I get in a friend’s car and maybe I’m in the back.
Kristen:
Yeah.
Cameron:
I have very long legs. So sometimes I don’t have any wiggle room.
Kristen:
Oh my, it must be so uncomfortable.
Cameron:
Yeah, I can’t move in the back. So you can ask this question, I hear it often, do you have enough wiggle room?
Kristen:
Ah, back there.
Cameron:
Back there, for example. Is there enough space for you back there?
Kristen:
Well, Cameron, it seems that because of your long legs and your height, you’re going to have to probably get a ride in very bigger, much bigger cars or sit in the front.
Cameron:
It’s okay. I’m used to it now. I’m collapsible. I’m a foldable person.
Kristen:
All right, so there’s wiggle room.
2. First things first: 가장 중요한 것부터, 무엇보다 먼저
First things first. Okay, this means that this is the most important thing first, and we have to talk about it before we talk about other things. Yes.
1)
A: Do you want me to collect wood and start a fire?
B: First things first, let’s set up the tents before it gets dark.
A: 나무를 모아서 불부터 피울까?
B: 무엇보다 먼저, 어두워지기 전에 텐트부터 치자.
Kristen:
Yeah. When you arrive in the evening, first things first, you have to set up the tent.
Cameron:
It’s true. Once the light is gone.
Kristen:
– One. – Forget it.
Cameron:
It’s so much harder.
Kristen:
It is. Is the flashlight? Yeah, you could have a flashlight, but it’s harder.
2) First things first, Emma had to finish her homework before going to the party.
무엇보다 먼저, 엠마는 파티에 가기 전에 숙제를 끝내야 했어요.
Yes. Yeah. So a parent may say, first things first, you know, do your homework before you go.
Cameron:
You must do this before doing anything else. I will say sometimes native speakers don’t always say this with a lot of meaning. Like if you’re starting a meeting, for example, it’s kind of just like saying, 자… you know, you’re just going to start talking. But if you just start talking, it feels kind of empty. Okay, everybody. First things first. Let’s…
Kristen:
자, 여러분! It’s so true. It’s one of those sorts of like introductory transitional sort of phrases that you kind of put in between.( 말하자면 대화를 시작할 때 쓰는 연결 표현 같은 거예요.)
Cameron:
Yeah, just to connect from silence to talking (맞아요. 침묵에서 말로 넘어갈 때 연결해주는 표현이에요)
Kristen:
Yes. Yeah. Okay. So first things first, or you could say let’s start off with, there are many ways to say it. This is just one of them. Alrighty. Very good.
3. come into contact: ~와 접촉하다, 닿다
Come into contact with means to physically touch or interact with something or someone.
1)
A: What is that rash on Sarah’s face and arms?
B: She came into contact with poison ivy during her hike.
A: 사라 얼굴이랑 팔에 난 저 발진은 뭐야?
B: 하이킹 중에 옻나무(poison ivy)에 닿아서 그래.
Kristen:
You gotta watch for those plants. Poisonous plants.
Cameron:
Poison Ivy.
Kristen:
When you go hiking, it is true. There’s a lot of poison ivy. So I would never wear shorts unless there were like no plants. It was just like a hill and just, you know, dot gravel and no plants. That’s OK.
Cameron:
Yeah, hiking, there’s poison ivy, poison oak, there are…
Kristen:
Rattlesnakes. In California, there’s so many rattlesnakes. Ticks. Ticks. Oh, yeah.
Cameron:
We have something–We have something where I’m from called chiggers. What’s that? They’re tiny bugs, and they get in every fold in your body.
Kristen:
Are they flies?
Cameron:
No, they’re not flies. They’re like tiny, tiny ticks. They suck your blood. I got them really bad one summer. Oh my gosh. Yeah, you gotta wear it. Gotta watch out when you you’re hiking not to come into contact with those type of things.
Kristen:
Yes, very much so.
2) The scientist was excited to come into contact with an ancient artifact
그 과학자는 고대 유물과 접촉하게 되어 매우 들떠 있었다.
Cameron:
Here it just means discovery.
Kristen:
– To discover, that’s right.
Cameron:
It’s like the alien example. Yeah. You aren’t maybe touching the aliens. Yeah. But you’re discovering them.
Kristen:
Yeah, that’s right. Okay.
4. Once we know: 일단 ~을 알게 되면
Once we know is our power pattern, which means, okay, if we have this info, then we can move on to the next step.
1) Once we know what she ate, we will know why she is sick.
그녀가 무엇을 먹었는지 알게 되면, 왜 아픈지 알 수 있을 거야.
2) Once we know when our holiday is, we can book our flights and hotels.
휴가 날짜가 정해지면, 항공편과 호텔을 예약할 수 있어.
Okay. Yeah, you have to know the date before you can do anything else. That’s right.
Kristen:
You got to set the date. Got to set the date.
5. allergen: 알레르겐
An allergen is a substance that triggers an allergic reaction in some people, causing symptoms like sneezing, itching, or swelling.
→ 알레르겐(allergen)은 일부 사람들에게 알레르기 반응을 유발하는 물질로,
재채기, 가려움, 부기 같은 증상을 일으킬 수 있어요.
Common allergens include pollen, pet dander, certain foods, and insect stings.
→ 흔한 알레르겐으로는 꽃가루, 동물의 털(비듬), 특정 음식, 곤충에 쏘이는 것 등이 있습니다.
Okay. Our power vocab is the word allergen. So I’m sure a lot of our listeners know the word allergy. Check out the definition of allergen on page 12. And stop by Audio Eohakdang.
Cameron:
Yes, we have so many great English language shows for you to check out. Of course, ours are very, very good.
Kristen:
Very, very good. And make sure to stop by at 6 p.m. evening special. Yes. That’s right. We’re going live today, so we’ll see you a little bit later. Have a great day.
Cameron:
Bye-bye.
Wiggle Roome 여유, First Th.. : 네이버블로그
0327 가격 흥정 영어로 – Negotiating The Price